Tens of thousands are in central Madrid for a protest by centre-right parties opposed to a Spanish government plan to ease tension in the Catalonia region.
The Popular Party (PP) and Ciudadanos (Citizens) called the protest after PM Pedro Sánchez offered the separatists the chance of a round table for talks.
The right considers the offer a betrayal and surrender. The separatists have rejected the offer anyway.
Like the right, the ruling Socialists also oppose Catalan independence. Read more